MES unifies manufacturing and planning

MES unifies manufacturing and planning

now, the management information system represented by MRP II and ERP, as well as the automation technology represented by NC machining, DNC unit and flexible manufacturing, have been widely used in the manufacturing industry. Although the promotion of these two systems has achieved certain results, it ignores the effective cooperation between them, resulting in the lack of effective real-time information support for the upper level plan and the lack of optimal scheduling and coordination for the lower level control link. The planning layer and the workshop execution layer cannot have a good two-way information flow interaction, so it is difficult for enterprises to respond in real time

MES, which was born more than ten years ago, directly points to this problem and has been widely promoted in developed countries. In China, the understanding and application of MES is still in its infancy. Therefore, we specially invite experts from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics to make a special presentation, which will systematically introduce the concept of MES from the perspectives of enterprise needs, technical models, how to implement and application characteristics of different industries

in the late 1980s, the United States put forward a new management idea of paying attention to both planning and Implementation on the basis of summarizing the lessons of the low success rate of MRP II implementation and absorbing the experience of Japan's just in time production system (JIT). At this time, the manufacturing execution system (MES), which unifies planning and manufacturing process, came into being

the management information system represented by MRP II and ERP emphasizes the planning of enterprises. Taking customer orders and market demand as the planning source, they strive to make full use of various resources in the enterprise, reduce inventory and improve the overall operation efficiency of the enterprise

automation technology represented by NC machining, DNC (distributed numerical control technology) unit and flexible manufacturing system emphasizes equipment control - through control optimization, reduce the influence of human factors and improve product quality and system operation efficiency

however, although the above efforts have achieved some success, they have not achieved the expected results. On the one hand, the enterprise can not keep up with the pace of information development in management reform. On the other hand, the enterprise does not pay enough attention to the executive layer, resulting in the lack of effective real-time information support for the upper plan and the lack of optimized scheduling and coordination for the lower control

MES is oriented to the workshop level of manufacturing enterprises. It can provide real-time data of production site for other application systems of enterprises (such as ERP and SCM), so as to strengthen the communication between planning management and bottom control

connecting the preceding and the following: the key to the "position" of MES

in the early 1990s, through the investigation of a large number of enterprises, the American advanced manufacturing Research Institute (AMR) found that a perfect enterprise production management system is generally composed of the following three kinds of software: enterprise management software represented by ERP and MRPII, production process monitoring software represented by SCADA (data acquisition and monitoring) and HMI (human machine interface), And MES software to realize operation process automation and support comprehensive integration of enterprises

MES builds a bridge between planning management and bottom control, and fills the gap between them. On the one hand, MES can refine and decompose the production management information from MRPII and ERP software, and transfer the operation instructions from the planning layer to the bottom control layer; On the other hand, MES can collect the status data of equipment and instruments to monitor the operation status of the underlying equipment in real time, and then integrate the control system and information system conveniently and reliably through analysis, calculation and processing, and feed back the production status to the planning layer in time

the manufacturing workshop of an enterprise is the intersection of logistics and information flow. The economic benefits of an enterprise are materialized here. With the improvement of the market economy, the workshop gradually transits to the branch factory system in manufacturing enterprises, resulting in the transformation of its role from the traditional enterprise cost center to the profit center, which further strengthens the role of the workshop. Therefore, the manufacturing execution system MES, which plays an executive function in the workshop, plays a very important role. The mastery and feedback of real-time information in the workshop is the guarantee of the manufacturing execution system for the normal operation of the upper planning system. The production management in the workshop is the fundamental task of the manufacturing execution system, and the support for the bottom control is the feature of the manufacturing execution system

MES can provide real-time data for other management information systems in the enterprise. For example, enterprise resource planning (ERP) system needs real-time production data such as cost, manufacturing cycle and expected output time provided by MES; The supply chain management (SCM) system obtains the current order status, current production capacity and the mutual constraint relationship of production shift in the enterprise from MES; The successful quotation and on-time delivery of customer relationship management (CRM) depend on the real-time production data provided by MES; The product design information in product data management (PDM) can be optimized by pressing the "stop" key and production quality data after the product output based on MES rises to a predetermined height; The control module needs to obtain the production formula and operation technical data from MES at all times to guide the personnel and equipment to produce correctly

on the other hand, MES should also obtain relevant data from other management systems to ensure the normal operation of MES itself. For example, the production scheduling data in MES comes from the planning data of ERP; The scheduling of production activities in MES needs to be controlled according to the master plan and scheduling in the supply chain (SCM) system; PDM provides MES with actual production process documents, various formulas and operating parameters; The real-time production status data fed back from the control module is used by MES to evaluate the actual production performance and judge the operating conditions

MES has overlapping functions with other management systems of the enterprise. For example, MES, CRM and ERP all have human resource management modules; Both MES and PDM have document control function; Both MES and SCM have scheduling management and so on. The overlapping range of each system is related to the actual implementation of the factory. In practical application, the emphasis of the same module of each system is different

slightly weak: the application of MES in China has just started

although the development history of MES is shorter than MRPII, CAD and cam, it can effectively realize the manufacturing idea of "time is the key", so it is popularized very rapidly in developed countries and has brought huge economic benefits to factories. The emergence and popularization of MES has also had a far-reaching impact on foreign management circles

in recent ten years, through the research and promotion of the application of 863 CIMS project, China has greatly improved the competitiveness of enterprises and raised the level of China's manufacturing industry to a new level. However, there is still a big gap between China's manufacturing level and developed countries

in terms of factory automation fa (factory automation), China's manufacturing enterprises used to emphasize logistics automation, such as automatic production equipment, automatic testing instruments, automatic logistics transportation and storage equipment, etc. Although they can replace a lot of manual labor and solve some production bottlenecks, due to the lack of corresponding information integration system and vigorously develop graphene industry system, these systems can not give full play to their effectiveness and form the so-called "automation island"

the improvement of manufacturing level is not only the adoption of equipment automation, but also the improvement of the efficiency of production management information system. In China, MRPII and MIS have gradually become mature and popular, while MES software for manufacturing execution layer is still weak in development and application. Most of the research on workshop layer and cell layer in China focuses on the research of control model, and rarely studies and develops integrated management and control software for manufacturing process from the perspective of MES

at present, many colleges and universities and scientific research institutes in China are engaged in research and application development in this field. In terms of theoretical research, some advanced ideas such as parallelism, agility, networking and reconfigurability are added ● one high-precision wire encoder. In the aspect of system design, object-oriented, component, agent and other technologies are adopted, and many useful results have been achieved. However, there is still a big gap in the commercialization of software and the popularization and application of achievements

at present, there is no self-developed and widely used MES software in China. Even if there is the so-called shop floor control (SFC), most of them collect relevant data and then enter it through batch processing, and its function is very limited

with the continuous improvement of enterprise information application level, enterprises gradually realize that realizing the two-way information flow interaction between enterprise planning layer and workshop execution layer and realizing the full integration of enterprise information through continuous information flow is an important factor to improve enterprise agility

therefore, the full integration of enterprise information through MES and the formation of real-time ERP, MES and SFC are the key to improve the overall management level of enterprises, which is of great significance to the improvement of the overall level of enterprise manufacturing industry. China needs to further strengthen the theoretical research and practical interoperability of MES

definition of MES

AMR (Advanced Manufacturing Research) defines MES as "a workshop oriented management information system located between the upper planning management system and the lower industrial control". MES provides operators and managers with the implementation and tracking of plans and the current status information of all resources (people, equipment, materials, customer requirements, etc.)

the Manufacturing Execution System Association (MESA) also defines MES: "MES can optimize the management of the whole production process from order placement to product completion through information transmission. When there are real-time events in the factory, MES can respond and report them in time, and guide and deal with them with current accurate data. This rapid response to state changes enables MES to reduce activities without added value within the enterprise and effectively guide the production and operation process of the factory, so as to make It can not only improve the timely delivery capacity of the factory, improve the circulation performance of materials, but also improve the rate of return on production. MES also provides mission critical information about product behavior within the enterprise and throughout the product supply chain through two-way direct communication. "

the latter's definition of MES emphasizes the following three points: s is the optimization of the whole workshop manufacturing process, rather than a single solution to a production bottleneck. S must provide the function of collecting production process data in real time, and make corresponding analysis and processing. S needs to interact with the planning layer and control layer to realize enterprise information integration through the continuous information flow of the enterprise

development history of MES

MES, as a product of the transformation of production form, originated from the internal demand of the factory. In order to better understand the background of MES, we first review the evolution history of computer-aided production management system

in the 1980s, MRPII was rapidly promoted by the American production and Inventory Management Association (APICS)儿童消化不良不想吃饭怎么办
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